Smoking Effect to Sputum Conversion of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Category I

· Lung Infection, Tobacco Control
Author

Masdewi Wahyuni,1 Zainuddin Amir,2 Rina Yunita,3 Widi Rahardjo,2 Alwinsyah Abidin4

1Ilmu Kedokteran Tropis, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara
2Departemen Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran Respirasi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara, RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan
3Departemen Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara, RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan,
4Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara, RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan

Abstract
Background: One of increasing the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is smoking that can lead to an impaired ability of lung macrophages and increase resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (OAT) and increase mortality due to pulmonary tuberculosis. Sputum conversion is an indicator to assess and monitor the success of treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: A cross-sectional research was done in Jemadi Clinic, H. Adam Malik Hospital and Health Center in the city of Medan in September 2014 – March 2015 with 80 patients of tuberculosis.
Results: These results indicate that the nutritional status based on BMI (p = 0.0001, PR = 41.250, 95% CI 1.433 to 94.681), the number of cigarettes (p = 0.001), and longer smoking (p = 0.006, PR = 11.645, 95% CI 4.266 to 398.857) had significant relationship with the occurrence of TB patients failing conversion category I. Age, level of education, occupation, income, and type of cigarette had no significant relationship with the occurrence of TB patients failing conversion category I (p = 0.265, p = 0.225, p = 0.225, p 0.130, p = 0.359, p = 0.165).
Conclusion: Smoking is a behavior that can affect the treatment of patients with pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB). (J Respir Indo. 2016; 36: 106-12)

Keywords: Tuberculosis, sputum conversion, smoking behavior

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