Irmi Syafa’ah, Winariani K
Departemen Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran Respirasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga, RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis and smoking aretwo major health problems in the world. Indonesia ranks as the second highest country in term of TB cases and ranked 4th as the highest cigarettes consumers in the world. Exposure to smoking will increase the risk of infection, disease, recurrence and even death because of TB. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), secreted by Th1 cells is an important cytokine in the body’s immune response against intracellular bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Exposure to cigarette smoke will reduce IFN-γ production through inhibition of macrophages and T cells function. This study’s aim is to determine the relationship of smoking degree, assessed through Brinkman index, with sputum IFN-γ levels in smear-positive pulmonary TB patients.
Methods: During january until March 2016,we conducted a cross sectional observational analysis study design in outpatients with smearpositive pulmonary TB at RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Early morning spontaneous sputum was obtained from samples to determine IFN-γ levels. Smoking degree was calculated by multiplying the number of cigarettes smoked per day and smoking duration (year). Relationships of sputum IFN-γ level and smoking degree of subjects were analyzed by Pearson or Spearman correlation test in accordance with the scale of data existing.
Results: There was no significant relationship between IFN-γ sputum level and smoking degree in smear positive pulmonary TB patients (p=0.519). Obtained mean levels of IFN-γ sputum was 417.739±196.168 pg/ml and the mean of Brinkman index was amounted to 383.28 ± 364.170.
Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between IFN-γ sputum level and smoking degree in smear positive pulmonary TB patients. (J Respir Indo. 2017; 37: 199-207)
Keywords: Pulmonary TB,smear positive, smoker, IFN-γ, Brinkman index