Tag archives for smoker

The Relationship of Smoking Degree with Sputum IFN-γ Levels in Smear-Positive Pulmonary TB Patients

Irmi Syafa’ah, Winariani K Departemen Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran Respirasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga, RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya Abstract Background: Tuberculosis and smoking aretwo major health problems in the world. Indonesia ranks as the second highest country in term of TB cases and ranked 4th as the highest cigarettes consumers in the world. Exposure to smoking […]