Ni Wayan Candrawati, Muhammad Amin
Departemen Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran Respirasi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga, RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya
Abstract
Introduction: Identifying and treating modifiable risk factors associated with asthma control can optimalize asthma control. Factors associated with uncontrolled asthma are age, sex, educational level, smoking, FEV1, co-morbidities and overweight. The aim of study was to identify risk factors associated with asthma control.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study that included all asthmatic patient over 15 years of age who came to asthma clinic and meet the inclusion criteria (n=39). Asthma control was evaluated using GINA 2015 asthma control symptom. Data about smoking and rhinitis symptom were collected using a questionnaire. Diagnosis of Rhinitis was confirmed by ENT clinic. BMI was calculated as weight in kg divided by height in meters squared. FEV1,was calculated using auto-spirometer. Relationship between variables were explored using chi-square and Spearman correlation.
Results: The prevalence of uncontrolled asthma was 48,7%. Asthma control was not statistically significant associated with BMI (p=0.861), FEV1, (p=0.773), smoking (p=0,605) and rhinitis (p=0,899). Asthma control was significantly associated with educational level (p=0.027) and comorbidities other than rhinitis (p=0,023). After adjusting education status, in college graduated patients group, asthma control was significantly associated with BMI (p=0,001). In junior high graduated patients group asthma control was significantly associated with FEV1 (p=0,021). Study limitations were too many confounding variables, also no active smoker and only few ex-smoker were found.
Conclusion: Asthma control was not significantly associated with BMI, FEV1, smoking and rhinitis. Asthma control was significantly associated with educational level and comorbidities other than rhinitis. (J Respir Indo. 2016; 36: 41-6)
Keyword: Asthma control, BMI, FEV1, smoking, rhinitis.