Pratama S, Juniety E, Zairus D, Rassuna V, Yunus F. J Respir Indones. 2009;29(4).
Introduction: Asthma is an important chronic inflammatory disease of the airway which has caused serious community health problems around the world. Asthma symptoms may be mild no causing any disturbances in daily activities or persistent causing activity disturbances even in regular tasks. Asthma in Indonesia is one of the ten highest cause of morbidity and mortality as stated in The Community Health Survey (SKRT) across the provinces. Asthma along with chronic bronchitis and emphysema is the fifth cause of ten highest morbidity according to the 1986 SKRT. Goal of asthma management is to achieve control of asthma which is an optimal condition of asthma patients similar to healthy people so that patients are able to perform regular daily activities and increase quality of life. Success of asthma management relies on may factors including provider of healthcare services, patient factor, and medications. This research is tended to discover the patient profile of Asthma Clinic Persahabatan Hospital.
Method: The research design is descriptional survey of asthma patients visiting asthma clinic of Persahabatan Hospital, Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia. Data was randomly chosen from available patients’ medical record of newly and previously diagnosed asthma patients. Data was collected from July 2006 untill December 2006. Patients’ data was categorized into several conditions based on state of asthma, history of allergy, and use of asthma medications. Survey data was presented as descriptive data analized using SPSS 16.
Results: There were 604 returning asthma patients comprising 389 female (64%) and 215 male (36%). The average of age was 46 years old, ranging from 8 years old to 98 years old. Based on asthma classification, there were 187 (31%) mild persistent asthma, 272 (45%) moderate persistent asthma, 2 severe persistent asthma (0,3%), and 143 (23,7%) intermittent asthma. Most common allergen found was dust (294 subject, 48,7%) and the least was spices, emotion, food, and drugs combined. The most common history of atopy found was rhinitis (251 subjects, 41,6%) and the least was dermatitis (47 subjects, 7,8%). The use of agonist-ß2 was found most common (223 subjects, 36,9%) and the most inhaled drug used was combination of SABA and steroid (285 subjects, 47,2%). There were 542 subjects using combination of oral and inhaled drugs. Most patients (411, 68%) had history of previous visit to healthcare facility (mostly to a 2 hospital), and most of them were female. Most patients visit the clinic once a month (349, 57,7%) and the female patients were more than male patients (216, 35,8%).
Conclusion: Returning patients to the asthma clinic were mostly female patients. The most common allergen inciter were dust and the most common history of allergy were rhinitis. Combination of oral and inhaled drugs were more commonly found in patients rather than single drug use. Female patients were more frequently found in asthma clinic also with higher frequency of visit than male patients. This may be caused by daily working activities and ignorance of disease in the male patients group.
Keywords : moderate persistent asthma, house dust, SABA, steroid, healthcare, asthma, house mite, dust mite, short acting beta agonist, beta agonist, inhaled beta agonist, bronchodilator, asthma profile, persahabatan jakarta, jakarta, asthma clinic