Agus Dwi Susanto,1,4 Barmawi Hisyam,2,3 Lientje Setyawati Maurits,3 Faisal Yunus4
1 Peserta Program Pasca Sarjana/S3, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
2 Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, RS Sardjito, Yogyakarta
3 Program Pasca Sarjana/S3, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
4 Departemen Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran Respirasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, RSUP Persahabatan, Jakarta
Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease related to the decrease of alertness, psychomotor coordination, reaction time and increasing accident risk. Purpose of this research is aimed to know the role of a good working preparation for overweight or obese taxi drivers with or without OSA toward the reaction time and accident risk.
Methods: Using quasi experimental design with taxi drivers BMI 23 to 29.9 as sample and proved to have mild or moderate OSA. Systematic ramdom sampling was taken from 10 taxi pools/stations within one company in Jakarta. The research was held since November 1st ,2011 to September 30th, 2013. OSA evaluation was done based on the clinical symptoms and the usage of portable polysomnography (PSG) during home monitoring to those taxi drivers. The drivers with or without OSA were educated about good working preparation for 3 months regularly and done personally for 6 months a head. Working preparation is a lifestyle programme consists of special working preparation for OSA and the general preparation for OSA or without OSA. Reaction time test is done in early and at the end of the research before and after working. Accident evaluation is done 6 months before and 6 months after the intervention.
Results : Totally 103 taxi drivers had participated in this research completely. 54 (52.4%) proved with OSA and 49 (47.6%) without OSA. Reaction time after working preparation had showed more improvement eventhough it was not significant (p > 0,05). Time reaction before working drivers with OSA (pre 220.16 + 79.4 and post 210.15 + 50.73) and after working (pre 221.27 + 60.82 and post 212.61 + 55.71). Time reaction before working drivers without OSA (pre 198.28 + 52.16 and post 195.42 + 34.14) and after working (pre 205.06 + 49.32 and post 198.73 + 35.88). ). Accident after working preparation showed decrease significantly compared before (p 0,001) at drivers with OSA ( pre 2.20 + 1.39 dan post 1.41 + 1.45) and without OSA (pre 1.96 + 1.40 dan post 1.10 + 1.43).
Conclusion: Good working preparation done taxi drivers with or without OSA has improved the reaction time and decreasing the accident number. (J Respir Indo. 2017; 37: 23-34)
Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea, working preparation, reaction time, accident, taxi drivers, overweight