Agung Wijayanto¹, Erlina Burhan¹, Arifin Nawas¹, Rochsismandoko²
¹Departemen Pulmonologi dan Ilmu Kedokteran Respirasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, RS Persahabatan, Jakarta
²Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, RS Persahabatan, Jakarta
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is estimated to be 366 million by 2030, with the fastest increase in low and middle income countries. Approximately one-third of the world population is estimated suffer from latent tuberculosis (TB). People with latent TB have a possibility of becoming active TB. People with DM have a higher risk of developing latent TB into active TB. This study is to determine the prevalence of TB and the factors that affect the developing TB in patients with type 2 DM at Persahabatan Hospital.
Methods: A cross sectional study on October to November 2013 in Endocrine clinic of Persahabatan hospital. Subject were 174 patients with DM type 2 taken by consecutive sampling.
Results: Of 174 subjects consisted of male 40,8 % and women 59.2 %. Prevalence of pulmonary TB in patients with type 2 DM are 49 subjects (28.2 %). Factors that correlate with the development of pulmonary TB in DM patients were a history of close contact with TB patients (aOR 3.2; [95% CI 0.538-3.164]), underweight BMI (aOR 15.92 [95% CI 4,760-56,160), duration of diabetes of less than 1 year (aOR 23.136 [95% CI 4.654-11]) and HbA1c levels > 8 (aOR 17.475 [95% CI 3.428-89.094]).
Conclusion: Prevalence TB in patients with type 2 DM at Persahabatan Hospital was 28.2 %. There were correlation between contact with TB patient, duration suffering from DM and HbA1c levels with development of pulmonary TB in patients with type 2 DM. (J Respir Indo. 2015; 35: 1-11)
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, prevalence, risk factors.